The latest edition of the quarterly magazine « Private Sector and Development » focuses on the issue of African medicine. As recalled by Philippe Abecassis and Nathalie Coutinet in the introduction, access to proper medicine is a major challenge for African countries. The African Continent only accounts for 3% of global output while 95% of the medicines consumed in Africa are imported. In some African countries, counterfeit products represent half of all drugs on the market.